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黑龙江人民政府关于修改《黑龙江省实施〈矿产资源补偿费征收管理规定〉办法》等3部规章的决定

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黑龙江人民政府关于修改《黑龙江省实施〈矿产资源补偿费征收管理规定〉办法》等3部规章的决定

黑龙江人民政府


黑龙江省人民政府令
 (第11号)


  《黑龙江省人民政府关于修改〈黑龙江省实施矿产资源补偿费征收管理规定办法〉等3部规章的决定》业经省人民政府同意,现予发布,自发布之日起施行。

                           省长 田凤山
                         1998年4月17日

         黑龙江人民政府关于修改《黑龙江省实施
     〈矿产资源补偿费征收管理规定〉办法》等3部规章的决定

  黑龙江省人民政府根据《中华人民共和国行政处罚法》及其他法律、法规,结合本省实际,决定对《黑龙江省实施〈矿产资源补偿费征收管理规定〉办法》等3部规章作如下修改:


  一、《黑龙江省实施〈矿产资源补偿费征收管理规定〉办法》
  1、第二十二条修改为:“中央与省矿产资源补偿费的分成比例为5∶5;按本办法第五条第(一)、(二)项规定征收的矿产资源补偿费省所得部分,原则上全部返还各市(行署)、县(市);按本办法第五条第(三)项规定征收的矿产资源补偿费省所得部分不再与市(行署)分成。
  上述返还分成比例将根据国家对矿产资源补偿费费率的调整而调整。
  国库各分支库收缴的矿产资源补偿费不办理分成,全部上划省分库,由省分库汇总,每季度按本条第一款规定的分成比例统一办理分成。”
  2、第二十三条第一款修改为:“省、市(行署)、县(市)所得矿产资源补偿费,分别纳入本级预算,专项管理,专款专用。省级所得矿产资源补偿费,主要用于矿产资源勘查、开发、保护以及矿产资源监督管理费和市(行署)、县(市)地矿主管部门补助经费;市(行署)、县(市)所得矿产资源补偿费,主要用于本级地矿主管部门行政经费。”
  3、第二十七条第二款修改为:“采矿权人未按照前款规定缴纳矿产资源补偿费和滞纳金的,由具有管辖权的征收机关处以应当缴纳的矿产资源补偿费3倍以下罚款;情节严重的,由发证机关吊销其采矿许可证。”
  4、第二十八条修改为:“违反本办法,采矿权人采取伪报矿种,隐匿产量、销售数量或伪报销售价格、实际开采回采率等手段,不缴或少缴矿产资源补偿费的,由具有管辖权的征收机关追缴应当缴纳的矿产资源补偿费,并处以应当缴纳的矿产资源补偿费5倍以下罚款;情节严重的,由发证机关吊销其采矿许可证。”


  二、《黑龙江省乡镇船舶和渡口安全管理办法》
  1、第二条第二款修改为:“本办法所称乡镇船舶,是指乡镇和农村中的个体、合伙、承包户从事客货运输以及农民专门用于农业生产的船舶。”
  2、第三条修改为:“县(市)人民政府指定的乡镇船舶管理部门和乡(镇)人民政府负责本辖区乡镇船舶和渡口的安全管理。”
  3、第十一条修改为:“乡镇船舶的船员经港航监督机关考核发证后,方可驾驶船舶。”
  4、第五章修改为“安全管理职责”,第十六条、第十七条、第十八条、第十九条、第二十条删去,增加二条作为第十六条、第十七条:
  “第十六条 县(市)乡镇船舶管理部门的工作职责:
  (一)制定并组织实施安全管理目标和落实安全管理责任;
  (二)检查船舶所有人或经营人执行水上交通安全法规情况,并与村民委员会或船舶所有人、经营人签订安全管理责任书;
  (三)负责组织乡镇有关人员定期对乡镇船舶进行安全检查,及时消除隐患,防止事故发生;
  (四)协助港航监督机关对乡镇船舶事故的调查处理。
  第十七条 乡(镇)人民政府的工作职责:
  (一)负责向乡镇船舶所有人或经营人以及船员宣传贯彻交通安全法规,搞好对船员的安全知识和遵章守纪教育;
  (二)负责检查乡镇船舶所有人或经营人安全管理责任书的落实情况;
  (三)负责组织、督促乡镇船舶的所有人或经营人向有关机关办理登记和检验、参加业务培训和考核;
  (四)负责对乡镇船舶和乡镇渡口进行安全检查,制止和处理违章行为;
  (五)负责乡镇船舶和渡口安全管理的信息反馈,做好乡镇船舶和渡口统计资料的上报工作。”
  5、原第二十一条改为第十八条,修改为“违反本办法有下列行为之一的,由所在地乡镇船舶管理部门或乡镇人民政府分别给予以下处罚:
  (一)违反第五条、第七条、第十一条规定的,对船舶所有人或经营人处以200元以下罚款,对当事人处以100元以下罚款;
  (二)违反第六条、第八条规定的,对船舶所有人或经营人处以200元以下罚款;
  (三)违反第九条规定的,对当事人处以200元以下罚款;
  (四)违反第十二条规定的,对经营人处以100元以下罚款,并限期改正;
  (五)违反第十三条规定的,对经营人处以200元以下罚款,并责令其撤除所设渡口;
  6、原第二十三条改为第二十条,修改为“当事人对处罚决定不服的,可以在接到处罚通知书之日起15日内向作出处罚决定机关的上级部门申请复议或向人民法院起诉。”
  7、原第二十六条、第二十七条合并改为第二十三条,修改为“渔业船舶和乡镇游览船舶的安全管理按国家和省有关规定执行。”


  三、《黑龙江省船舶和水上设施检验规定》
  1、第三条修改为:“本规定由黑龙江航运管理部门负责组织实施。委托所属的船舶检验机构负责船舶和水上设施的检验工作。”
  2、第六条修改为:“营运检验包括初次检验、特别检验、年度检验、临时检验。”
  本决定自发布之日起施行。

李某的行为是集资诈骗还是非法吸收存款 其犯罪数额如何认定



一、基本案情
1996年5月至1998年5月被告人李某等人利用注册和骗取注册的“省百花实业有限公司”、“省汇丰源有限公司”、“百花实业(集团)有限公司”,伪造、盗用他人照片,捏造事实,制作虚假广告图册,扩大社会影响骗取群众信任。上述几被告人未经中国人民银行等国家金融管理部门的批准,非法以“省百花实业有限公司”下属“商务休闲俱乐部”、“省丰源期货有限公司”、“省百花连锁营销有限公司”的名义,以高息为诱饵,并以签定“会员协议”、“营销协议”、“连锁营销协议”的方式,非法向社会公众变相吸储资金,共计18488人次,总金额达人民币33607.6万元,美金2万元。
1998年5月初,被告人李某等人感到其罪行即将暴露。他们为逃避司法机关的打击,指使他人销毁有关帐目资料,并提取人民币1507.5万元,美金94.809万元予以隐藏、转移,后分别携巨款外逃。造成集资会员12295人次的集资款人民币 23418.4111万元(含美金2万元)无法及时和全额兑付,并造成人民币13433.842万元的巨额损失无法挽回。致使会员集会、集体上访、堵塞交通,严重的影响了社会的稳定。
二、争议焦点
在此案的审理过程中,围绕该案的定性问题产生了较大争议:
第一种观点认为,李某等人的行为绝大多数应属非法吸收公众存款,不能因损失的存在而定集资诈骗罪,应定为非法吸收公众存款罪;
第二种观点认为,李某等人的行为有携款外逃隐匿资金的行为,根据最高院1996年12月26日做出的《关于审理诈骗案件具体应用法律的若干问题的解释》,应属集资诈骗行为,应对其携款外逃和隐匿资金的数额承担集资诈骗罪的法律责任,对其他数额部分应定为非法吸收公众存款罪。
第三种观点认为,李某等人的行为根据最高院1996年12月26日做出的《关于审理诈骗案件具体应用法律的若干问题的解释》,应全部定为集资诈骗犯罪行为,并对其吸收的总额作为集资诈骗罪的总额。
三、评析意见
1、关于集资诈骗罪主观罪过中的非法占有问题
集资诈骗罪是从普通诈骗犯罪中分离出来的,两者之间具有特别法与普通法的法条竞合关系。诈骗罪是财产犯罪,而集资诈骗罪则具有金融犯罪与财产犯罪的双重属性。既然集资诈骗罪具有财产犯罪的性质,而财产犯罪又以占有行为为本质特征,集资诈骗罪主观上具有非法占有的目的是理所当然的。
那么在刑法金融诈骗罪一节的条文中,为什么对集资诈骗罪规定了以非法占有为目的,而对除贷款诈骗罪以外的金融诈骗罪没有规定这一目的呢?笔者认为主要是因为从其行为还不足以认为行为人主观上具有非法占有的目的,集资诈骗罪其特点是以集资的形式进行诈骗,在集资过程中以非法占有为目的,构成本罪。因此,在法条要求上,要明确规定以非法占有为目的。
如何认定集资诈骗罪中的“以非法占有为目的”呢?在最高院1996年12月26日做出的《关于审理诈骗案件具体应用法律的若干问题的解释》中列出了四种行为具有“以非法占有为目的”的主观意图。(1)携带集资款逃跑的;(2)挥霍集资款,致使集资款无法返还的;(3)使用集资款进行违法犯罪活动,致使集资款无法返还的;(4)具有其他欺诈行为,拒不返还集资款,或者致使集资款无法返还的。最高法院在2001年12月21日下发的《全国法院审理金融犯罪案件工作座谈会记要》则进一步明确列出了七种行为具有“以非法占有为目的”的主观故意,除上述已有的四种外,其他是:1.明知没有归还能力而大量骗取资金的,5.抽逃转移资金隐匿财产,以逃避返还资金的,6.隐匿,销毁帐目,或者搞假破产假倒闭,以逃避返还资金的。 这两个司法文件为判断以非法占有为目的提供了一个标准。对于集资后携款逃跑或挥霍以及拒不返还的,其主观上非法占有的目的较明显,而对于那些具有诈骗行为无法返还的,问题就略显复杂。显然,不能根据无法返还的事实本身就推断出行为人主观上具有非法占有的目的,因此,只有认真分析无法返还的原因,才能从事实中找出行为人是否具有非法占有、不回报投资者的意图。
笔者结合近年司法实践,认为下列几种情形应属《关于审理诈骗案件具体应用法律的若干问题的解释》中列出的第四种行为,即“具有其他欺诈行为”,具有“以非法占有为的”:(1).明知没有归还能力而大量骗取资金的;(2)抽逃转移资金、隐匿财产,以逃避返还资金的;(3)隐匿,销毁帐目,或者搞假破产假倒闭,以逃避返还资金的;(4)肆意非法处置、滥用、变相占有集资款的;(5)将骗得的资金大部分用于还债,弥补亏空的;(6)具有其他欺诈行为,拒不返还集款,或者致使集资款无法返还的。
结合本案,李某等人明知没有归还能力而大量骗取资金,骗取资金后携带集资款逃跑、抽逃转移资金、隐匿财产以逃避返还资金、隐匿、销毁帐目,已完全符合了上列情况,应认为其具有“以非法占有为目的”的主观故意,以集资诈骗犯罪定罪处罚。
2、关于犯罪数额
对于本案集资诈骗犯罪数额的认定,存在以下几种观点:一是总额说,即认为行为人使用欺骗手段非法集资将他人财物骗到手即构成既遂,故应以总集资额来定罪;二是实际损说,即认为应以行为人使用欺骗手段非法集资案发后,经追偿赃款最终实际给被害人造成的损失数额来定罪;三是实际总额说,即认为应以行为人使用欺骗手段非法集资总额,减去案发前行为人返还投资人本金和利息数额后,得到的数额来定罪;四是实际占有说,即认为应以行为人使用欺骗手段非法集资后,除去返还以及投资损失外,行为人实际非法占有的数额来定罪。笔者认为上述几种做法都不能对集资诈骗犯罪数额做出准确界定,实践中对集资诈骗犯罪数额的认定应考虑以下几种情况:
(1) 对于确有证据证明集资诈骗行为人,使用诈骗方法非法集资意图占有他人资金,但因意志以外的原因未遂的,应以确有证据证明行为人意图占有资金的数额来认定集资诈骗未遂的犯罪数额。
对于集资诈骗行为人,使用欺骗手段非法集资后,未返还集资人本息的应以其骗得的资金总额来认定集资诈骗罪的既遂数额。
(2) 对于集资诈骗行为人,使用欺骗手段集资后,在案发前使用集资款返还部分集资人部分本息的,应以其骗得的资金总额减去返还资金本息数认定集资诈骗罪的既遂数额。
(3) 对于确有证据证明集资诈骗行为人,在案发前仅具有非法吸收公众存款罪的主观故意,后因其他原因携款潜的,在排除其具有转移隐匿帐证资料的情况下,应以其潜逃时所携集资款数额来认定其集资诈骗罪既遂数额。
(4) 对于集资诈骗行为人,在使用欺骗方法非法集资后,用于挥霍性投资或其他资金损失的,应计入其集资诈骗罪既遂数额。
故对本案李某等人的集资诈骗数额,应以其骗得的资金总额减去返还资金本息数,即其案发时未返还集资会员12295人次的集资款人民币 23418.4111万元(含美金2万元),来认定集资诈骗罪的既遂数额。

四、处理结果
人民检察院以被告人李某等人集资诈骗23418.4111万元将本案移送起诉,市中级人民法院以集资诈骗罪判处李建死刑。后经省高级人民法院、最高人民法院核准,维持了原判决。

郑州市人民检察院 王耀世

中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例(附英文)

国务院


中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例(附英文)
国务院


(一九八0年十二月五日国务院常务会议通过)

第一章 总 则
第一条 为了加强外汇管理,增加国家外汇收入,节约外汇支出,有利于促进国民经济的发展,并维护国家权益,特制定本条例。
一切外汇的收入和支出,各种外汇票证的发行和流通,以及外汇、贵金属和外汇票证等进出中华人民共和国国境,都应当遵守本条例的规定。
第二条 本条例所称外汇系指:
一、外国货币:包括钞票、铸币等;
二、外币有价证券:包括政府公债、国库券、公司债券、股票、息票等;
三、外币支付凭证:包括票据、银行存款凭证、邮政储蓄凭证等;
四、其他外汇资金。
第三条 中华人民共和国对外汇实行由国家集中管理、统一经营的方针。
中华人民共和国管理外汇的机关为国家外汇管理总局及其分局。
中华人民共和国经营外汇业务的专业银行为中国银行。非经国家外汇管理总局批准,其他任何金融机构都不得经营外汇业务。
第四条 在中华人民共和国境内,除法律、法令和本条例另有规定者外,一切中外机构或者个人的外汇收入,都必须卖给中国银行,所需外汇由中国银行按照国家批准的计划或者有关规定卖给。
在中华人民共和国境内,禁止外币流通、使用、质押,禁止私自买卖外汇,禁止以任何形式进行套汇、逃汇。

第二章 对国家单位和集体经济组织的外汇管理
第五条 中国境内的机关、部队、团体、学校,国营企业、事业单位,城乡集体经济组织(以下统称境内机构)的外汇收入和支出,都实行计划管理。
国家允许境内机构按照规定持有留成外汇。
第六条 境内机构除经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准,不得私自保存外汇,不得将外汇存放境外,不得以外汇收入抵作外汇支出,不得借用、调用国家驻外机构以及设在外国和港澳等地区的企业、事业单位的外汇。
第七条 境内机构非经国务院批准,不得在国内外发行具有外汇价值的有价证券。
第八条 境内机构接受外国或者港澳等地区的银行、企业的贷款,必须分别由国务院主管部门或者省、市、自治区人民政府汇总,编制年度贷款计划,经国家外汇管理总局和外国投资管理委员会核报国务院批准。
贷款审批办法,另行规定。
第九条 境内机构的留成外汇,非贸易和补偿贸易项下先收后付的备付外汇,贷入的自由外汇,以及经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准持有的其他外汇,都必须在中国银行开立外汇存款帐户或者外汇额度帐户,按照规定的范围使用,并受中国银行监督。
第十条 境内机构进出口贷物,经办银行应当凭海关查验后的进出口许可证,或者凭进出口货物报关单,检查其外汇收支。
第十一条 国家驻外机构必须按照国家批准的计划使用外汇。
设在外国和港澳等地区的企业、事业单位从事经营所得的利润,除按照国家批准的计划可以留存当地营运者外,都必须按期调回,卖给中国银行。
一切驻外机构不得自行为境内机构保存外汇。
第十二条 临时派往外国和港澳等地区的代表团、工作组,必须分别按照各该专项计划使用外汇。公毕回国,必须将剩余的外汇及时调回,经核销后卖给中国银行。
前款代表团、工作组及其成员,从事各项业务活动所得外汇,必须及时调回;除经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准,不得存放境外。

第三章 对个人的外汇管理
第十三条 居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人,由外国和港澳等地区汇入的外汇,除国家允许留存的部分外,必须卖给中国银行。
第十四条 居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人,存放在中国境内的外汇,允许个人持有。
前款外汇,不得私自携带、托带或者邮寄出境;如需出售,必须卖给中国银行,同时允许按照国家规定的比例留存部分外汇。
第十五条 居住在中国境内的中国人在中华人民共和国成立前、华侨在回国定居前、港澳同胞在回乡定居前,存放在外国或者港澳等地区的外汇,调回境内的,允许按照国家规定的比例留存部分外汇。
第十六条 派赴外国或者港澳等地区的工作人员、学习人员公毕返回,如汇入或者携入属于个人所有的外汇,允许全部留存。
第十七条 本条例第十三、十四、十五条规定的允许个人留存的外汇,其留存比例,另行规定。
本条例第十三、十四、十五、十六条规定的允许个人留存的外汇,必须存入中国银行。此项外汇存款,可以卖给中国银行,可以通过中国银行汇出境外,也可以凭中国银行证明携出境外;但是,不得将存款凭证私自携带、托带或者邮寄出境。
第十八条 来中国的外国人,短期回国的华侨、回乡的港澳同胞,应聘在中国境内机构工作的外籍专家、技术人员、职工,以及外籍留学生、实习生等,由外国或者港澳等地区汇入或者携入的外汇,可以自行保存,可以卖给或者存入中国银行,也可以汇出或者携出境外。
第十九条 居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人,如需购买外汇汇出或者携出境外,可以向当地外汇管理分局申请,经批准后,由中国银行卖给。
应聘在中国境内机构工作的外籍专家、技术人员和职工,汇出或者携出外汇,由中国银行按照合同、协议的规定办理。

第四章 对外国驻华机构及其人员的外汇管理
第二十条 各国驻华外交代表机构、领事机构、商务机构,驻华的国际组织机构和民间机构,外交官,领事官以及各该机构所属常驻人员,由外国或者港澳等地区汇入或者携入的外汇,可以自行保存,可以卖给或者存入中国银行,也可以汇出或者携出境外。
第二十一条 各国驻华外交代表机构、领事机构,收取中国公民以人民币交付的签证费、认证费,如要求兑成外汇,必须经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准。

第五章 对侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业及其人员的外汇管理
第二十二条 侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业的一切外汇收入,都必须存入中国银行;一切外汇支出,从其外汇存款帐户中支付。
前款企业必须定期向国家外汇管理总局或者分局填送外汇业务报表,国家外汇管理总局或者分局有权检查其外汇收支的活动情况。
第二十三条 侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业与中华人民共和国境内的企业或者个人之间的结算,除经国家外汇管理总局或者分局核准者外,都应当使用人民币。
第二十四条 侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业的外国合营者依法纳税后的纯利润和其他正当收益,可以向中国银行申请从企业的外汇存款帐户中汇出。
前款企业、外国合营者,如将外汇资本转移到中国境外,应当向国家外汇管理总局或者分局申请,从企业的外汇存款帐户中汇出。
第二十五条 侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业中的外籍职工和港澳职工依法纳税后,汇出或者携出外汇,以不超过其本人工资等正当净收益的百分之五十为限。
第二十六条 依法停止营业的侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业,在中国境内的未了债务、税务事项,应当在有关主管部门和国家外汇管理总局或者分局的共同监督下,负责按期清理。

第六章 对外汇、贵金属和外汇票证等进出国境的管理
第二十七条 携带外汇、贵金属、贵金属制品进入中国国境,数量不受限制;但是,必须向入境地海关申报。
携带或者复带外汇出境,海关凭中国银行证明或者凭原入境时的申报单放行。
携带或者复带贵金属、贵金属制品出境,海关区别情况按照国家规定或者按照原入境时的申报单放行。
第二十八条 携带人民币旅行支票、旅行信用证等人民币外汇票证,入境时,海关凭申报单放行;出境时,海关凭中国银行证明或者凭原入境时的申报单放行。
第二十九条 居住在中国境内的中国人,持有境外的债券、股票、房地契,以及同处理境外债权、遗产、房地产和其他外汇资产有关的各种证书、契约,非经国家外汇管理总局或者分局批准,不得携带、托带或者邮寄出境。
第三十条 居住在中国境内的中国人、外国侨民和无国籍人所持有的人民币支票、汇票、存折、存单等人民币有价凭证,不得携带、托带或者邮寄出境。

第七章 附 则
第三十一条 对违反本条例规定者,任何单位、个人都有权检举揭发。对检举揭发有功的单位、个人,给予奖励。对违法案件,由国家外汇管理总局、分局,或者由公安部门、工商行政管理部门、海关,按其情节轻重,强制实行收兑外汇,单处或者并处罚款、没收财物,或者由司法机
关依法惩处。
第三十二条 经济特区、边境贸易和边民往来的外汇管理办法,由有关省、市、自治区人民政府根据本条例规定结合当地具体情况制订,报国务院批准后施行。
第三十三条 本条例的施行细则,由国家外汇管理总局制定。
第三十四条 本条例自一九八一年三月一日起施行。(附英文)


Important Notice: (注意事项)

英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)

INTERIM REGULATIONS ON FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTROL OF THE PEOPLE'S
REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Promulgated by the State Council on December 18, 1980)

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1
These Regulations are formulated for the purpose of strengthening foreign
exchange control, increasing national foreign exchange income and
economizing on foreign exchange expenditure so as to facilitate the
development of national economy and safeguard the rights and interests of
the country.
All foreign exchange income and expenditure, the issuance and circulation
of all kinds of payment instruments in foreign currency, and the carrying
of foreign exchange, precious metals and payment instruments in foreign
currency into and out of the territory of the People's Republic of China
shall be governed by these Regulations.
Article 2
Foreign exchange mentioned in these Regulations refers to:
a. foreign currencies, including banknotes, coins, etc.
b. securities in foreign currency, including government bonds, treasury
bills, corporate bonds and debentures, stocks, and interest coupons, etc.
c. instruments payable in foreign currency, including bills, drafts,
cheques, bank deposit certificates, postal savings certificates, etc.
d. other foreign exchange funds.
Article 3
The People's Republic of China pursues the policy of centralized control
and unified management of foreign exchange by the State.
The administrative agency of the People's Republic of China in charge of
foreign exchange control is the State Administration of Foreign Exchange
Control (SAFEC) and its branch offices.
The specialized bank of the People's Republic of China engaged in foreign
exchange business is the Bank of China. No other financial institution
shall engage in foreign exchange business, unless approved by the SAFEC.
Article 4
All Chinese and foreign organizations or individuals within the territory
of the People's Republic of China must, unless otherwise stipulated by
law, decrees and these Regulations, sell their foreign exchange to the
Bank of China. Any foreign exchange they required is to be sold to them by
the Bank of China in accordance with the plans approved by the State or
with relevant provisions.
The circulation, use and mortgage of foreign currency, the unauthorized
sales and purchases of foreign exchange, and the unlawful procurement of
foreign exchange or evasion of foreign exchange control by whatever means
are prohibited within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

Chapter II Foreign Exchange Control Relating to State Units and Collective Economic Organizations

Article 5
All the foreign exchange incomes and expenditures of State organs, units
of the armed forces, nongovernmental bodies, schools, State enterprises,
institutions and urban and rural collective economic organizations within
China's territory (hereinafter referred to as organizations within
territory) are all subject to planned control. Organizations within
territory are permitted to hold their retained foreign exchange in
accordance with the relevant provisions.
Article 6
Unless approved by the SAFEC or its branch offices, organizations within
territory shall not possess foreign exchange; deposit foreign exchange
abroad; offset foreign exchange expenditure against foreign exchange
income; or use the foreign exchange belonging to State organs stationed
abroad or enterprises and institutions established in foreign countries or
in the Hong Kong and Macao regions by the State, by way of borrowing or
acquisition.
Article 7
Unless approved by the State Council, organizations within territory shall
not issue securities with foreign exchange value inside or outside China.
Article 8
With regard to loans to be accepted by organizations within territory from
banks or enterprises in foreign countries or in the Hong Kong and Macao
regions, the relevant competent departments under the State Council or the
relevant people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall consolidate and
draw up overall annual plans for such loans which must be submitted to the
SAFEC and the Foreign Investment Control Commission for examination and
transmission to the State Council for approval.
The measures for examining and approving such loans shall be prescribed
separately.
Article 9
Any foreign exchange held by organizations within territory, including
their retained foreign exchange, non-trade foreign exchange and foreign
exchange under compensatory trade received in advance and reserved for
later payments, funds borrowed in convertible foreign currencies and other
foreign exchange held with the approval of the SAFEC or its branch offices
must be placed in foreign currency deposit accounts or foreign currency
quota accounts to be opened with the Bank of China, and must be used
within the prescribed scope and be subject to the supervision of the Bank
of China.

Article 10
When organizations within territory import or export goods, the banks
handling the transactions shall check their foreign exchange receipts and
payments either against the import or export licenses duly verified by the
Customs or against the Customs declaration forms for imports or exports.
Article 11
State organs stationed abroad must use foreign exchange according to the
plan approved by the State.
The profits derived from their business operations by enterprises and
institutions established in foreign countries or in the Hong Kong and
Macao regions, except for the portion kept there as working funds
according to the plan approved by the State, must be transferred back on
schedule and be sold to the Bank of China.
No organization stationed abroad is permitted to keep foreign exchange for
organizations within territory without authorization.
Article 12
Delegations and working groups sent temporarily to foreign countries or to
the Hong Kong and Macao regions must use foreign exchange according to
their respective specific plans, and must, upon completion of their
missions and return, promptly transfer back to China their surplus foreign
exchange to be checked by and sold to the Bank of China. Foreign exchange
earned in their various business activities by the delegations and working
groups mentioned in the preceding paragraph and by members thereof, must
be promptly transferred back to China and must not be kept abroad without
the approval of the SAFEC or its branch offices.

Chapter III Foreign Exchange Control Relating to Individuals

Article 13
Foreign exchange remitted from foreign countries or from the Hong Kong and
Macao regions to Chinese, foreign nationals and stateless persons residing
in China must be sold to the Bank of China, except the portion retained as
permitted by the State.
Article 14
Chinese, foreign nationals and stateless persons residing in China shall
be permitted to keep in their own possession foreign exchange already in
China.
The foreign exchange mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall not,
without authorization, be carried or sent out of China either by owners or
by others or by post. If the owners need to sell the foreign exchange,
they must sell it to the Bank of China and are permitted to retain a
portion of the foreign exchange according to the percentage prescribed by
the State.
Article 15
When the foreign exchange that has been kept in foreign countries or in
the Hong Kong and Macao regions by Chinese residing in China prior to the
founding of the People's Republic of China, by overseas Chinese prior to
their returning to and settling down in China, or by Hong Kong and Macao
compatriots prior to their returning to and settling down in their native
places, is transferred to China, the owners shall be permitted to retain a
portion of the foreign exchange according to the percentage prescribed by
the State.
Article 16
When the foreign exchange belonging personally to individuals sent to work
or study in foreign countries or in the Hong Kong and Macao regions is
remitted or brought back to China, the owners, upon the completion of
their missions and return, shall be permitted to retain the entire amount
of the foreign exchange.
Article 17
The percentages of foreign exchange retention permitted under Articles 13,
14, and 15 of these Regulations shall be prescribed separately.
Foreign exchange retained by individuals as permitted under Articles 13,
14, 15, and 16 of these Regulations must be deposited with the Bank of
China. These foreign exchange deposits may be sold to the Bank of China or
remitted out of China through the Bank of China, or taken out of China
against certification by the Bank of China. It is however not permitted,
without authorization, to carry or send deposit certificates out of China
either by holders or by others or by post.

Article 18
The foreign exchange remitted or brought into China from foreign countries
or from the Hong Kong and Macao regions by foreign nationals coming to
China, by overseas Chinese and Hong Kong and Macao compatriots returning
for a short stay, by foreign experts, technicians, staff members and
workers engaged to work in organizations within China, and by foreign
students and trainees, may be kept in their own possession, or sold to or
deposited with the Bank of China, or remitted or taken out of China.
Article 19
Chinese, foreign nationals and stateless persons residing in China may
apply to the local branch offices of the SAFEC for the purchase of foreign
exchange to be remitted or taken out of China. Upon approval of such
applications, the required foreign exchange shall be sold to the
applicants by the Bank of China.
When foreign experts, technicians, staff members and workers engaged to
work in organizations within territory are to remit or take out of China
their foreign exchange, the Bank of China shall handle the matter in
accordance with the stipulations as provided in the relevant contracts or
agreements.

Chapter IV Foreign Exchange Control Relating to Foreign Resident Representative Offices in China and Their Personnel

Article 20
Foreign exchange remitted or brought into China from foreign countries or
from the Hong Kong and Macao regions by foreign diplomatic missions,
consular posts, commercial offices, offices of international organizations
and nongovernmental bodies resident office in China, foreign diplomatic
and consular officers as well as other resident staff members of the
aforesaid missions, posts and offices, may be kept in their own
possession, or sold to or deposited with the Bank of China, or remitted or
taken out of China.
Article 21
The conversion into foreign currency, if required, of visa and
certification fees received in Renminbi from Chinese citizens by foreign
diplomatic missions and consular posts in China, is subject to approval by
the SAFEC or its branch offices.

Chapter V Foreign Exchange Control Relating to Enterprises with Overseas Chinese Capital, Foreign-Capital Enterprises, and Chinese- Foreign Equity Joint Ventures and Their Personnel

Article 22
All foreign exchange receipts of enterprises with overseas Chinese
capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity joint
ventures must be deposited with the Bank of China, and all their foreign
exchange disbursements must be effected from their foreign exchange
deposit accounts.
The enterprises mentioned in the preceding paragraph must periodically
submit their statements of foreign exchange business to the SAFEC or its
branch offices, all of which are empowered to check on the movements of
the foreign exchange receipts and payments of these enterprises.
Article 23
Except where otherwise approved by the SAFEC or its branch offices,
Renminbi shall in all cases be used in the settlement of accounts between
enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises,
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures on the one hand and other
enterprises or individuals residing in the People's Republic of China on
the other hand.
Article 24
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and
foreign joint venturers in Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures may apply
to the Bank of China for remitting abroad their net profits as well as
other legitimate earnings after taxation according to law, by debiting the
foreign exchange deposit accounts of the enterprises concerned.
Where the enterprises and foreign joint ventures mentioned in the
preceding paragraph are to transfer foreign exchange capital abroad, they
shall apply to the SAFEC or its branch offices for the transfer by
debiting the foreign exchange deposit accounts of the enterprises
concerned.
Article 25
An amount not exceeding 50% of their after-tax legitimate net earnings
from wages, etc. may be remitted or taken out of China in foreign
currency by staff members and workers of foreign nationality and those
from the Hong Kong and Macao regions employed by enterprises with overseas
Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity
joint ventures.
Article 26
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures which wind up operations in
accordance with legal procedure, shall be responsible for the liquidation,
within the scheduled period, of their outstanding liabilities and taxes
due in China under the joint supervision of the relevant competent
departments and the SAFEC or its branch offices.

Chapter VI Control Relating to Carrying Foreign Exchange, Precious Metals and Payment Instruments in Foreign Currency into and out of China

Article 27
No restriction as to the amount is imposed on the carrying into China of
foreign exchange, precious metals and objects made from them, but
declaration to the Customs is required at the place of entry.
To carry out of China foreign exchange or the foreign exchange previously
brought in shall be permitted by the Customs against certification by the
Bank of China or against the original declaration form filled out at the
time of entry.
To carry out of China precious metals and objects made from them or the
precious metals and objects made from them previously brought in shall be
permitted by the Customs according to the specific circumstances as
prescribed by State regulations or against the original declaration form
filled out at the time of entry.
Article 28
To bring into China Renminbi traveller's cheques, traveller's letters of
credit and other Renminbi payment instruments convertible into foreign
currency shall be permitted by the Customs against the declaration form
filled out at the Customs; and to take the same out of China shall be
permitted by the Customs against certification by the Bank of China or
against the original declaration form filled out at the time of entry.
Article 29
Unless otherwise approved by the SAFEC or its branch offices, it is not
permitted to carry or send out of China by holders or by others or by post
such certificates and deeds held by Chinese residing in China as bonds,
debentures, share certificates issued abroad; title deeds for real estate
abroad; other documents or deeds involving the disposal of creditor's
right, inheritance, real estate or other foreign exchange assets abroad.
Article 30
The carrying or sending out of China of Renminbi instruments, such as
Renminbi cheques, drafts, passbooks and deposit certificates, held by
Chinese or foreign nationals or stateless persons residing in China, is
not permitted, either by holders or by others or by post.

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

Article 31
All units and individuals have the right to report any violation of these
Regulations. Rewards shall be given to such units or individuals
according to the merits of the report. Violators shall be penalized by the
SAFEC, its branch offices or by public security organs, or by
administrative departments of industry and commerce, or by the Customs. In
light of the seriousness of the offence, the penalties may take the form
of compulsory exchange of the foreign currency for Renminbi, or fine or
confiscation of the properties or both, or punishment by judicial organs
according to law.
Article 32
The exchange control measures for special economic zones, for frontier
trade and for personal dealings between inhabitants across the border
shall be formulated, in accordance with these Regulations, by the people's
governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government in the light of actual local
conditions, be submitted to the State Council for approval and be enforced
thereupon.
Article 33
Rules for the implementation of these Regulations shall be formulated by
the SAFEC.
Article 34
These Regulations shall enter into effect on March 1, 1981.



1980年12月18日